Easter is the most significant event of the Christian
calendar. It is a period of intense sorrow for Christians, brought about
by the death of Christ on the cross (Good Friday), but also of great
spiritual happiness through the miracle of the resurrection (Easter
Sunday).
The date on which Easter falls varies from year to year,
but Easter Sunday is always the first Sunday after the first full moon
following the vernal equinox - for the western church. The vernal equinox
signals the beginning of Spring (in the Northern hemisphere).
Palm Sunday
Easter follows the month of Lent,
when some Christians fast. As Lent ends, Holy Week begins with Palm
(or Passion) Sunday. It is on Palm Sunday that Jesus arrived in Jerusalem
on a donkey and the people of the city laid palm fronds on the road,
and joyfully cried out to him, "Hosanna; Blessed is he that cometh
in the name of the Lord" (Mark 11:9).
Eostre: Goddess of Spring
The Easter rituals have distinct histories - one explanation
for Easter is the story of Christ. Another has its origin in celebrations
which took place around the vernal equinox - that is when (in the
Northern hemisphere) days began to get longer; the beginning of Spring.
These celebrations were based around Eostre, the Anglo-Saxon Goddess
of Spring and fertility, or Eostare, the Norse pagan festival of Spring.
Rites of Spring and celebrations to do with rebirth
and renewal were common all through the Northern hemisphere and the
Christian story of Christ's death and resurrection fitted in with
this.
The Egg
The egg is a symbol of birth and life. The ancient
Persians and Greeks gave eggs at Spring festivals to indicate that
nature was beginning to bloom again after the harshness of the winter.
The colouring of eggs also began in pagan times.
Some of the world's most famous eggs are the Faberge
eggs which are decorated with gold leaf, precious jewels, satins and
brocades. The first Faberge egg was produced as a gift for a member
of the Russian royal family.
The Rascally Rabbit Versus the Endangered Bilby
For obvious reasons the rabbit was also a symbol of
fertility and fecundity and became associated with festivals dedicated
to celebrating the arrival of Spring. In Australia the rabbit is a
pest, and celebrating it in any form denies the reality of Australia's
rabbit plague and the damage rabbits do to Australia's fragile environment.
The CSIRO estimates rabbit damage costs the Australian economy $AU600
million each year.
Because of this, a strong movement to replace the
rascally rabbit at Easter with one of Australia's own - the bilby
- has developed. The bilby is a cute-looking creature with big eyes,
big ears and a long tail and is a member of the bandicoot family.
The push for an Easter bilby was begun in 1991 by
the Anti-Rabbit Research Foundation of Australia when they registered
"Easter bilby" as a business name and began licensing the
use of that name for bilby-related products. The sale of the products
was to fund research into wildlife conservation - an issue of importance
to the bilby. Bilbies are endangered largely because of competition
from rabbits and loss of habitat. So instead of an Easter bunny delivering
Easter eggs, they are now often delivered by a bilby and Australian
shops stock chocolate bilbies alongside chocolate eggs and rabbits.